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Various biotic and abiotic elicitors such as endophytic fungi (Wang et al.

Growth of hairy roots can be scaled up using bioreactors and hence they can be exploited for commercial production of secondary metabolites (Liu et al. Hairy roots have been reported to yield higher amounts of artemisinin than intact plant tissue and cell suspension cultures (Sivakumar et al. Transformed hairy root cultures are biochemically and genetically stable model for scale-up of pharmaceutically important natural products (Souret et al. Hairy root culture of plants using the Agrobacterium rhizogenes, the causative agent of hairy root disease in several plants, has emerged as an important technique for the production of secondary metabolites (Sivakumar et al.

Artemisinin and its derivatives are produced only in the aerial parts (especially leaves and floral parts) of the plant whereas non significant amount or absent in roots of some species of Artemisia (Ferreira and Janick. pallens could be the effective strategy for the production of artemisinin and its derivatives (Alok et al. pallens has been optimized, which suggested that genetic engineering of A. Recently, Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated genetic transformation of A. Further, it also indicates the presence of artemisinin and its derivatives which has been used as a drug for the treatment of malaria (Shukla et al. pallens yield an essential oil known as “oil of Davana”. pallens has been employed by the local people as a herbal medicine in curing many disease like diabetes and some skin infections (Haider et al. These plants are industrially important due to its anti-microbial, insecticidal, antioxidant, and anti-malarial properties as well as perfumery compounds (Haider et al. and is mostly found in southern region of India. pallens also known as “Davana” is an important aromatic herb of genus Artemisia L.

and is used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of malaria and other diseases in China. Artemisia annua is a plant species of genus Artemisia L. World Health Organization recommends artemisinin and its derivatives for the treatment of malaria (White 2008). Artemisinin is a highly potent anti-malarial drug found in the medicinal plant Artemisia annua ( A.